I finally managed to program the Blue Pill board directly using the on-board micro USB connector, using DFU upload protocol, from PlatformIO.
Previously, when I click the upload button on PlatformIO, I was presented with the following error:
No DFU capable USB device found Filter on vendor = 0x1eaf product = 0x0003
Now, my understanding is that the 1eaf:0003 vendor and product ID, from Roger Clark’s bootloader, only active for a short time, probably only one second, to wait for a new programming command from the computer. After that, if no programming command is detected, the bootloader will change the vendor and product ID to 0483:5740, which is STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port. The purpose is to enable serial communication with the computer using the USB port, so the computer is able to send/receive serial communications such as Serial.println statements.
With Arduino IDE, during upload there will be a message to manually reset the Blue Pill, which means I need to press the reset button on the board so the vendor and product ID changes back to 1eaf:0003, so the board will be able to receive new programming command. Strangely PlatformIO did not do something like that.
According to this thread at PlatformIO Community, that was probably because I was using the wrong env or board. Previously my platform.ini was like this:
[env:genericSTM32F103C8] platform = ststm32 board = genericSTM32F103C8 framework = arduino upload_protocol = dfu
After reading that thread, I modified it to this:
[env:bluepill_f103c8_128k] platform = ststm32 board = bluepill_f103c8_128k framework = arduino upload_protocol = dfu
I clicked the upload button again, and a new error appeared:
platformio upload-reset: No such file or directory
So I browsed the web again, and found this thread at PlatformIO Community. Apparently the upload-reset utility is 32-bit executable. Since my OS is 64-bit, this is a problem. According to user pfeerick, Ubuntu is missing 32-bit libraries. User pfeerick presented two solution there, I choose option number two, to compile the upload-reset utility as 64-bit executable. So I backed-up the 32-bit upload-reset, compiled the 64-bit executable, and tested it:
joshua@joshua-t530:~$ cd ~/.platformio/packages/tool-stm32duino
joshua@joshua-t530:~/.platformio/packages/tool-stm32duino$ mv upload-reset upload-reset-32
joshua@joshua-t530:~/.platformio/packages/tool-stm32duino$ cd src/upload-reset
joshua@joshua-t530:~/.platformio/packages/tool-stm32duino/src/upload-reset$ gcc -o ../../upload-reset upload-reset.c
upload-reset.c:121:1: warning: return type defaults to ‘int’ [-Wimplicit-int]
121 | main(int argc, char *argv[])
| ^~~~
upload-reset.c: In function ‘main’:
upload-reset.c:127:3: warning: ‘return’ with no value, in function returning non-void
127 | return;
| ^~~~~~
upload-reset.c:121:1: note: declared here
121 | main(int argc, char *argv[])
| ^~~~
joshua@joshua-t530:~/.platformio/packages/tool-stm32duino/src/upload-reset$ cd ../..
joshua@joshua-t530:~/.platformio/packages/tool-stm32duino$ ls -Flah upload-reset*
-rwxrwxr-x 1 joshua joshua 18K Mei 24 15:34 upload-reset*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 joshua joshua 7,8K Des 2 2018 upload-reset-32*
joshua@joshua-t530:~/.platformio/packages/tool-stm32duino$ file upload-reset
upload-reset: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, BuildID[sha1]=e5e26198184684180439e9ec8ef804d70a460caf, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, not stripped
joshua@joshua-t530:~/.platformio/packages/tool-stm32duino$ ./upload-reset
Usage upload-reset <serial_device> <Optional_delay_in_milliseconds>
So with that I have confirmed that the 64-bit executable for upload-reset has been compiled and ready to use. So I clicked the upload button again. The result:
> Executing task in folder STM32Test: platformio run --target upload < Processing bluepill_f103c8_128k (platform: ststm32; board: bluepill_f103c8_128k; framework: arduino) Verbose mode can be enabled via `-v, --verbose` option CONFIGURATION: https://docs.platformio.org/page/boards/ststm32/bluepill_f103c8_128k.html PLATFORM: ST STM32 6.1.0 > BluePill F103C8 (128k) HARDWARE: STM32F103C8T6 72MHz, 20KB RAM, 128KB Flash DEBUG: Current (stlink) External (blackmagic, jlink, stlink) PACKAGES: - framework-arduinoststm32 4.10800.200207 (1.8.0) - tool-dfuutil 1.9.200310 - tool-openocd 2.1000.190707 (10.0) - tool-stm32duino 1.0.1 - toolchain-gccarmnoneeabi 1.90201.191206 (9.2.1) LDF: Library Dependency Finder -> http://bit.ly/configure-pio-ldf LDF Modes: Finder ~ chain, Compatibility ~ soft Found 15 compatible libraries Scanning dependencies... No dependencies Building in release mode Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduinoVariant/PeripheralPins.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduinoVariant/variant.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/HardwareSerial.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/HardwareTimer.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/IPAddress.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/Print.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/RingBuffer.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/Stream.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/Tone.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/USBSerial.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/WInterrupts.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/FrameworkArduino/WMath.cpp.o Compiling 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.pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/HAL/stm32yyxx_hal_uart.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/HAL/stm32yyxx_hal_uart_ex.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/HAL/stm32yyxx_hal_usart.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/HAL/stm32yyxx_hal_usart_ex.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/HAL/stm32yyxx_hal_wwdg.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_adc.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_bdma.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_comp.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_cordic.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_crc.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_crs.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_dac.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_delayblock.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_dma.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_dma2d.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_exti.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_fmac.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_fmc.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_fsmc.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_gpio.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_hrtim.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_i2c.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_lptim.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_lpuart.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_mdma.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_opamp.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_pka.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_pwr.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_rcc.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_rng.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_rtc.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_sdmmc.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_spi.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_swpmi.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_tim.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_ucpd.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_usart.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_usb.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/LL/stm32yyxx_ll_utils.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/PortNames.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/analog.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/bootloader.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/clock.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/core_callback.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/dwt.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/hw_config.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/interrupt.cpp.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/lock_resource.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/low_power.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/pinmap.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/rtc.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/stm32_def.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/stm32_eeprom.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/system_stm32yyxx.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/timer.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/stm32/uart.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/SrcWrapper/src/syscalls.c.o Compiling .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/src/main.cpp.o Linking .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/firmware.elf Checking size .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/firmware.elf Building .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/firmware.bin Advanced Memory Usage is available via "PlatformIO Home > Project Inspect" RAM: [ ] 4.1% (used 844 bytes from 20480 bytes) Flash: [= ] 7.4% (used 9664 bytes from 131072 bytes) Configuring upload protocol... AVAILABLE: blackmagic, dfu, jlink, stlink CURRENT: upload_protocol = dfu Looking for upload port... Auto-detected: /dev/ttyACM0 Uploading .pio/build/bluepill_f103c8_128k/firmware.bin No valid DFU suffix signature dfu-util 0.7 Warning: File has no DFU suffix Copyright 2005-2008 Weston Schmidt, Harald Welte and OpenMoko Inc. Copyright 2010-2012 Tormod Volden and Stefan Schmidt This program is Free Software and has ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY Please report bugs to dfu-util@lists.gnumonks.org Filter on vendor = 0x1eaf product = 0x0003 Opening DFU capable USB device… ID 1eaf:0003 Run-time device DFU version 0110 Found DFU: [1eaf:0003] devnum=0, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=2, name="STM32duino bootloader v1.0 Upload to Flash 0x8002000" Claiming USB DFU Interface... Setting Alternate Setting #2 ... Determining device status: state = dfuIDLE, status = 0 dfuIDLE, continuing DFU mode device DFU version 0110 Device returned transfer size 1024 bytes_per_hash=199 Copying data from PC to DFU device Starting download: [##################################################] finished! state(8) = dfuMANIFEST-WAIT-RESET, status(0) = No error condition is present Done! Resetting USB to switch back to runtime mode Waiting for /dev/ttyACM0 serial...Done ================================================================================ [SUCCESS] Took 20.43 seconds ================================================================================ Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it.
That’s right, DFU upload from PlatformIO is a success! The test program is the same as the previous post, which simply turns the PC13 LED on continuously. The result is pictured above.
See you next time.
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